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Category:antioxidants, skin conditioning, skin protecting
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 256.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 479.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 362.00 °F. TCC ( 183.40 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | 2.960 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 157.3 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| Alfa Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Formononetin 98%
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| BOC Sciences |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Formonentin >98%
Odor: characteristic Use: Formononetin is a phytoestrogen from the root of Astragalus membranaceus and an O-methylated isoflavone. |
| Coompo |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Formononetin from Plants ≥99%
Odor: characteristic Use: Formononetin increases soluble-AβPPa (sAβPPa) secretion and thus protects human-AβPP Swedish mutation cell (N2a-AβPP cell) from hypoxia-induced apoptosis. Using hypoxic N2a-AβPP cell as an in vitro model of AD-like pathology, we confirmed that regular treatment with formononetin could have neuroprotective effects, followed respectively by reduced caspase 3 activity and increased cell viability. Strikingly, our data revealed that the caspase 3-blocking effect of formononetin was largely mediated by stimulation of a-secretase cleavage of AβPP, and increasing the secretion of its soluble form, sAβPPa. Moreover, the protective effect of formononetin was totally inhibited by TAPI-2, an a-secretase complex inhibitor, suggesting the role of the sAβPPa pathway in the neuroprotective response to formononetin. We also found that the stimulative effect of formononetin on a-secretase activity was mainly conducted by upregulating ADAM10 expression at the transcriptional level. Altogether, our study provides novel insights into how formononetin mediates stimulation of the ADAM10-sAβPPa pathway and exerts a neuronal protective effect.
Formononetin significantly increased growth factors such as transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Formononetin also increased the expression of Egr-1 transcription factor by 3.2- and 10.5-fold, compared with recombinant VEGF125 in HUVECs. The formononetin-mediated 12%�43% increase induced endothelial cell proliferation and recovered the migration of wounded HUVECs. In an ex vivo angiogenesis assay, formononetin produced a larger capillary sprouting area than produced using recombinant VEGF125. Cell proliferation and migration of HUVECs were also greater in the presence of formonectin than VEGF125. Western blot analysis of scratch-wounded confluent HUVECs showed that formononetin induced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and slightly inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The formononetin-mediated sustained activation of Egr-1 was suppressed by the ERK inhibitor PD98059 and the p38 inhibitor SB203580. PD98059 inhibited the formononetin-induced endothelial proliferation and repair in scratch-wounded HUVECs, SB203580 increased the cell proliferation and wound healing. Formononetin accelerate wound closure rate as early as day 3 after surgery and consistently observed until day 10 after in wound animal model. These data suggest that formononetin promotes endothelial repair and wound healing in a process involving the over-expression of Egr-1 transcription factor through the regulation of the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways.
Formononetin causes vasodilatation via two pathways: (1) endothelium-independent pathway, probably due to inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and intracellular Ca2+ release; and (2) endothelium-dependent pathway by releasing NO. Both the pathways may contribute to its antihypertensive effect. |
| EMD Millipore |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Formononetin
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| ExtraSynthese |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Formononetin (HPLC) ≥99%
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| Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Formononetin ≥98%
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| Shaanxi Y-Herb Biotechnology |
| CAS 485-72-3 Monomer Powder Red Clover Extract Formononetin Powder 98% Pure Natural Biochanin A
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| Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Formononetin ≥99.0% (TLC)
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| TCI AMERICA |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Formononetin >98.0%(HPLC)(T)
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Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | antioxidants, skin conditioning, skin protecting |
| Recommendation for formononetin usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| |
| Recommendation for formononetin flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
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Preparatory work to support the risk assessment for peri- and postmenopausal women taking food supplements containing isolated isoflavones
View page or View pdf
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Risk assessment for peri- and post-menopausal women taking food supplements containing isolated isoflavones
View page or View pdf
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| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :5280378 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:3 |
| 7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one |
| Chemidplus:0000485723 |
| RTECS:DJ3100114 for cas# 485-72-3 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 4H-1- | benzopyran-4-one, 7-hydroxy-3- (4-methoxyphenyl)- | | 4H-1- | benzopyran-4-one, 7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)- | | 4H-1- | benzopyran-4-one, 7-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)- (9CI) | | | biochanin B | | iso | flavone, 7-hydroxy-4'-methoxy- | | iso | flavone, 7-hydroxy-4'-methoxy- (8CI) | | | formonetin | | | formonoetin | | | formononectin | | | formononetine | | | formononetol | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-benzopyrone | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-on | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromone | | 7- | hydroxy-3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-4H-benzopyran-4-one | | 7- | hydroxy-4'-methoxy-Isoflavone (8CI) | | 7- | hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanone | | 7- | hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone | | 7- | hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone*4'-O-methyldaidzein | | | neochanin |
Articles:
| PubMed:Investigation of antioxidant interactions between Radix Astragali and Cimicifuga foetida and identification of synergistic antioxidant compounds. |
| PubMed:Comparative studies on the constituents, antioxidant and anticancer activities of extracts from different varieties of corn silk. |
| PubMed:The isoflavone irilone contributes to the estrogenic potential of dietary supplements containing red clover. |
| PubMed:Development of a food compositional database for the estimation of dietary intake of phyto-oestrogens in a group of postmenopausal women previously treated for breast cancer and validation with urinary excretion. |
| PubMed:A modified QuEChERS method as sample treatment before the determination of isoflavones in foods by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Distribution of isoflavones and coumestrol in neglected tropical and subtropical legumes. |
| PubMed:Germination dramatically increases isoflavonoid content and diversity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds. |
| PubMed:The membrane permeability of Astragali Radix-derived formononetin and calycosin is increased by Angelicae Sinensis Radix in Caco-2 cells: a synergistic action of an ancient herbal decoction Danggui Buxue Tang. |
| PubMed:Effects of sodium metavanadate and germination on the sprouting of chickpeas and its content of vanadium, formononetin and biochanin A in the sprouts. |
| PubMed:Effects of sodium selenite and germination on the sprouting of chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and its content of selenium, formononetin and biochanin A in the sprouts. |
| PubMed:Condensed tannins and flavonoids from the forage legume sulla (Hedysarum coronarium). |
| PubMed:Association between dietary phyto-oestrogens and bone density in men and postmenopausal women. |
| PubMed:Occurrence and mass balance of isoflavones on an experimental grassland field. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogen intake and cardiovascular risk markers in Bangladeshi postmenopausal women. |
| PubMed:ZnO-ZnS QDs interfacial heterostructure for drug and food delivery application: enhancement of the binding affinities of flavonoid aglycones to bovine serum albumin. |
| PubMed:Flavonoids from Radix Astragali induce the expression of erythropoietin in cultured cells: a signaling mediated via the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. |
| PubMed:PAMPA permeability, plasma protein binding, blood partition, pharmacokinetics and metabolism of formononetin, a methoxylated isoflavone. |
| PubMed:HPLC/DAD/MS and antioxidant activity of isoflavone-based food supplements. |
| PubMed:Quantification of five isoflavones and coumestrol in various solid agroenvironmental matrices using ¹³c₃-labeled internal standards. |
| PubMed:Yeast α-glucosidase inhibition by isoflavones from plants of Leguminosae as an in vitro alternative to acarbose. |
| PubMed:Differential effects of formononetin and cladrin on osteoblast function, peak bone mass achievement and bioavailability in rats. |
| PubMed:Study on the relevance between beany flavor and main bioactive components in Radix Astragali. |
| PubMed:Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) isoflavones: root phenolic compounds affected by biotic and abiotic stress factors. |
| PubMed:Isoflavones in coffee: influence of species, roast degree, and brewing method. |
| PubMed:Breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk in relation to phytoestrogen intake derived from an improved database. |
| PubMed:Anticancer effects of flavonoid derivatives isolated from Millettia reticulata Benth in SK-Hep-1 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. |
| PubMed:Enhancement of the encapsulation and transmembrane permeation of isoflavone-containing red clover extracts in phospholipid-based microemulsions using different extraction processes. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of angiogenesis and inflammation by an extract of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). |
| PubMed:Equol in milk of dairy cows is derived from forage legumes such as red clover. |
| PubMed:Stimulating effects of Bacillus subtilis natto-fermented Radix astragali on hyaluronic acid production in human skin cells. |
| PubMed:[Synthesis, solubility, lipids-lowering and liver-protection activities of sulfonated formononetin]. |
| PubMed:Effect of an isoflavones-containing red clover preparation and alkaline supplementation on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogen content of cereals and cereal-based foods consumed in the UK. |
| PubMed:Effect of forage on the content of phyto-oestrogens in bovine milk. |
| PubMed:Astragalus membranaceus flavonoids (AMF) ameliorate chronic fatigue syndrome induced by food intake restriction plus forced swimming. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogen content of foods of animal origin: dairy products, eggs, meat, fish, and seafood. |
| PubMed:Protective effect of isoflavones from Trifolium pratense on dopaminergic neurons. |
| PubMed:Isoflavonoid composition of a callus culture of the relict tree Maackia amurensis Rupr. et Maxim. |
| PubMed:Dietary flavonoids and colorectal adenoma recurrence in the Polyp Prevention Trial. |
| PubMed:Determination of phytoestrogens in dietary supplements by LC-MS/MS. |
| PubMed:Phenolic compounds contribute to dark bran pigmentation in hard white wheat. |
| PubMed:Dietary phytoestrogens, including isoflavones, lignans, and coumestrol, in nonvitamin, nonmineral supplements commonly consumed by women in Canada. |
| PubMed:Quantification of six phytoestrogens at the nanogram per liter level in aqueous environmental samples using 13C3-labeled internal standards. |
| PubMed:Analysis of flavonoid phytoestrogens in botanical and ephedra-containing dietary supplements. |
| PubMed:High levels of equol in organic skimmed Finnish cow milk. |
| PubMed:[Study on the chemical constituents of flavones from corn silk]. |
| PubMed:Anti-oxidant constituents of the roots and stolons of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra). |
| PubMed:Blockade of cytokine-induced endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression by licorice isoliquiritigenin through NF-kappaB signal disruption. |
| PubMed:Estimated intakes of isoflavones and coumestrol in Korean population. |
| PubMed:Quantification and stability studies on the flavonoids of Radix hedysari. |
| PubMed:Analysis of isoflavones in foods and dietary supplements. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogen content of foods consumed in Canada, including isoflavones, lignans, and coumestan. |
| PubMed:Isoflavone profiles of red clovers and their distribution in different parts harvested at different growing stages. |
| PubMed:The isoflavone content of commercially-available feline diets in New Zealand. |
| PubMed:Inverse association of antioxidant and phytoestrogen nutrient intake with adult glioma in the San Francisco Bay Area: a case-control study. |
| PubMed:Isoflavonoids are present in Arabidopsis thaliana despite the absence of any homologue to known isoflavonoid synthases. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of the botanical authenticity and phytochemical profile of black cohosh products by high-performance liquid chromatography with selected ion monitoring liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant activity of isoflavones and their major metabolites using different in vitro assays. |
| PubMed:Thermal degradation kinetics of isoflavone aglycones from soy and red clover. |
| PubMed:Chemical and biological assessment of a chinese herbal decoction containing Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae Sinensis: Determination of drug ratio in having optimized properties. |
| PubMed:High performance liquid chromatographic analysis of isoflavones in medicinal herbs. |
| PubMed:Seasonal variation of red clover (Trifolium pratense L., Fabaceae) isoflavones and estrogenic activity. |
| PubMed:Determination of isoflavones in dietary supplements containing soy, Red Clover and kudzu: extraction followed by basic or acid hydrolysis. |
| PubMed:Suppression of arachidonic acid metabolism and nitric oxide formation by kudzu isoflavones in murine macrophages. |
| PubMed:Red clover Trifolium pratense L. phytoestrogens: UV-B radiation increases isoflavone yield, and postharvest drying methods change the glucoside conjugate profiles. |
| PubMed:Supercritical fluid extraction of isoflavones from biological samples with ultra-fast high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Effects of the environment, cultivar, maturity, and preservation method on red clover isoflavone concentration. |
| PubMed:Comparison of the in vitro estrogenic activities of compounds from hops (Humulus lupulus) and red clover (Trifolium pratense). |
| PubMed:Isoflavones modulate the glucuronidation of estradiol in human liver microsomes. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of isoflavone aglycon and glycoside distribution in soy plants and soybeans by fast column high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode-array detector. |
| PubMed:In vitro free radical and ONOO- scavengers from Sophora flavescens. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogens derived from red clover: an alternative to estrogen replacement therapy? |
| PubMed:Identification of urinary metabolites of the red clover isoflavones formononetin and biochanin A in human subjects. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of extrahepatic human cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1B1 by metabolism of isoflavones found in Trifolium pratense (red clover). |
| PubMed:Assessment of the reactivity of selected isoflavones against proteins in comparison to quercetin. |
| PubMed:LC/UV/ESI-MS analysis of isoflavones in Edamame and Tofu soybeans. |
| PubMed:Identification of phytoestrogens in bovine milk using liquid chromatography/electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Phyto-oestrogen levels in foods: the design and construction of the VENUS database. |
| PubMed:Oxidative metabolism and genotoxic potential of major isoflavone phytoestrogens. |
| PubMed:Metabolism of biochanin A and formononetin by human liver microsomes in vitro. |
| PubMed:Intake of dietary phytoestrogens by Dutch women. |
| PubMed:Quantification of the group B soyasaponins by high-performance liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Intake of dietary phytoestrogens is low in postmenopausal women in the United States: the Framingham study(1-4). |
| PubMed:Quantitative determination of isoflavones and coumestrol in soybean by column liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Assessing phytoestrogen exposure in epidemiologic studies: development of a database (United States). |
| PubMed:LC-ESI-MS study of the flavonoid glycoside malonates of red clover (Trifolium pratense). |
| PubMed:Synthesis of haptens and conjugates for ELISAs of phytoestrogens. Development of the immunological tests. |
| PubMed:Development of a simple method for the determination of genistein, daidzein, biochanin A, and formononetin (biochanin B) in human urine. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogen content of purified, open- and closed-formula laboratory animal diets. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogen content in foods. |
| PubMed:Isoflavones in human breast milk and other biological fluids. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogens have agonistic and combinatorial effects on estrogen-responsive gene expression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. |
| PubMed:Isoflavone content of infant foods and formulas. |
| PubMed:Isotope dilution gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for the determination of isoflavonoids, coumestrol, and lignans in food samples. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogen content of foods--a compendium of literature values. |
| PubMed:Rapid HPLC analysis of dietary phytoestrogens from legumes and from human urine. |
| PubMed:High-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of phytoestrogens in soy protein preparations with ultraviolet, electrochemical and thermospray mass spectrometric detection. |
| PubMed:Oestrogenic activity of soya-bean products. |
| PubMed:Phytoestrogens: adverse effects on reproduction in California quail. |
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3D/inchi
